![]() Other causes like viral, bacterial or fungal infections like chicken pox, streptococcal infection or candidiasis etc.Other tumours that can compress facial nerve along its course like congenital cholesteatomas, hemangiomas, acoustic neuromas, parotid gland neoplasms, or metastases of other tumors. Tumour of facial nerve like schwannomas and perineuromas. ![]() Compression of the diploic bone of the infant’s rudimentary mastoid process can compress facial nerve.Įdema and inflammation caused by this condition affect the facial (fallopian) canal and causes compression of facial nerveĪbscess and tumours of parotid gland can cause compression of motor part of the facial nerve resulting in facial palsy. Use of forceps during the delivery can cause trauma to facial nerve. More commonly longitudinal fracture of petrous bone and fracture of temporal bone can cause facial nerve compression. Often occurs before the age of 18 and associated with recurring facial palsy and edema of the face. This is also known as a Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. ![]() Herpes zoster oticus Ĭaused by a viral infection and often associated with herpetic eruption of the meatus and cavum conchae. Reason for the facial nerve compression is not known that's why also known as idiopathic Bell's palsy. Facial nerve compression is often due to edema (swelling) of the nerve and marked vascular congestion. This is a partial weakness or complete paralysis of the muscles of facial expression. There are several specific causes of facial nerve compression, discussed below. Neurotmesis: this type of injury involves the endoneurium with wallerian degeneration.Axonotmesis: wallerian degeneration and necrosis of the distal segment (death of the part of the nerve after the compression).Neuropraxia: no wallerian degeneration and complete and rapid recovery of function.The type of injury also gives an idea about the prognosis. There are three main patterns of facial nerve compression. Early surgical intervention tends to be carried out because after three to four months, fibrosis (replacement with fibrous tissue) occurs in a significant portion of nerve fibers, and after that decompression is not of much value. anesthesia - numbness, or paresthesia - tingling) and motor deficits. containing both sensory and motor nerve fibres) and therefore compression can create sensory (e.g. There may also be demyelination (loss of the nerve's myelin sheath) and degeneration of the nerve in the affected area but it does not effect axons beyond this site. That is, the nerve is no longer able to send electrochemical impulses, and hence does not send signals to the brain or from the brain to muscles. Pressure and compression of any cause on a peripheral nerve can cause nerve impulse block. ![]() Although the role of surgical decompression remains unclear, it appears that patients presenting with vertigo have more favorable response to surgical decompression as compared with those presenting with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss.Causes of facial nerve compression Results Of the 13 patients who underwent surgical decompression, 8 patients had resolution of vertigo symptoms, 10 patients had improvement of tinnitus symptoms, and all patients maintained some level of serviceable hearing.Ĭonclusion IAC exostoses and osteomas are rare lesions that lead to insidious onset of debilitating symptoms from vestibulocochlear nerve dysfunction. A total of 26 reported cases were identified, and patient presenting symptoms, management strategies, and response to surgery was obtained when available. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed Central, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar databases to identify previous reports of IAC exostoses and osteomas. We present two cases of IAC exostoses managed with surgical decompression and review the clinical outcomes of previously reported cases in the literature. Background Exostoses and osteomas are benign, insidious lesions of the bone involving the internal acoustic canal (IAC). ![]()
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