![]() ![]() Indeed, readers of Dante have been inspired to map his Inferno for almost as long as they have been inspired to translate it into other languages-and we might consider these maps more-or-less-faithful visual translations of the Inferno’s descriptions. While readers can follow the poem’s vivid action without visual aids, these lend to the text a kind of imaginative materiality: saying yes, of course, this is a real place-see, it’s right here! We can suspend our disbelief, perhaps, in Catholic doctrine and, doubly, in Dante’s weirdly officious, comically bureaucratic, scheme of hell. The sole advantage, perhaps, of the translation I first encountered lies in its use of illustrations, maps, and diagrams. I’m far from an expert by any stretch, but was much relieved to later discover John Ciardi’s more faithful English rendering, which immediately impresses upon the senses and the memory, as in the description above in the first stanzas of Canto II. I labored through the text and did not much enjoy it. Gone is the rhyme scheme, self-contained stanzas, and poetic compression, replaced by wordiness, antiquated diction, and needless density. The first Dante that came my way-the unabridged Carlyle-Okey-Wicksteed English translation-renders the poet’s terza rimain leaden prose, which may well be a literary betrayal. Maybe it’s fitting that the proverb about translators as traitors comes from Italian. ![]() Reading Dante’s Inferno, and Divine Comedygenerally, can seem a daunting task, what with the book’s wealth of allusion to 14th century Florentine politics and medieval Catholic theology. Shall here set down, nor hesitate, nor err. Of the journey and the pity, which memory The brown air drew downĪll the earth’s creatures, calling them to restįrom their day-roving, as I, one man alone, In Halo: Nightfall, Talitha Macer compares Alpha Shard to the Ninth Circle of Hell.The light was departing. Parangosky then compares Halsey's current state to contrapasso, as she has been kidnapped, stripped of all her authority and declared dead in the eyes of most of the UNSC, mirroring what she did to the SPARTAN-II candidates. Parangosky then notes that Halsey won't be familiar with the Italian word contrapasso, the meaning of which she specifies to be the punishment of souls in Hell in a way it resembles their sin. Catherine Halsey arrested and brought to Ivanoff research station, Admiral Margaret Parangosky asks Halsey if she is familiar with Inferno, to which she replies that she has read it a long time ago in English. In addition, the in-game audio drama Sadie's Story is divided into nine "circles", whose themes seem to mirror the circles of Hell as depicted in Inferno. Towards the end of the game, he descends to Sublevel 09 of the Data Center, where part of it has been frozen, similar to Cocytus, the frozen ninth level of hell. In it, the protagonist is guided through a metaphorical hell by Vergil, a subroutine of the city's Superintendent AI. Halo 3: ODST has drawn some speculation that it was inspired by the poem. In Halo: Ghosts of Onyx, when seeing the portal structure to the shield world in Onyx's core room antechamber, Chief Petty Officer Mendez mentions that it "reminds of Dante's Inferno." Halsey corrects him that "Dante's hell was a series of descending rings," but is interrupted as the floor shifts when the rings in the portal structure begin to close. Allegorically, the Divine Comedy represents the journey of the soul towards God, with the Inferno describing the recognition and rejection of sin. ![]() In the poem, Hell is depicted as nine Circles of suffering located within the Earth. It is an allegory telling of the journey of Dante through what is largely the medieval concept of Hell, guided by the Roman poet Virgil. The poem was written in the early 14th century. Inferno ( Italian for "Hell") is the first part of Dante's Divine Comedy. There is more information available on this subject at Inferno on the English Wikipedia. ![]()
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